An initial site-wide assessment to identify potential ecological constraints and opportunities. It provides an early understanding of habitats and species that may require further survey, helping developers de-risk projects and inform planning applications.

A standardised method for mapping and categorising habitats on a site. It forms the basis for identifying protected species potential and further ecological assessment needs, often forming the foundation for ecological input into planning.

A more detailed, modern alternative to Phase 1 surveys using the UKHab classification. It supports Biodiversity Net Gain (BNG) calculations by aligning with the Defra metric and offering robust, quantifiable habitat data.

Targeted surveys to determine the presence or absence of legally protected species. These are essential for planning compliance and licensing and often triggered by findings in earlier assessments like PEA or Phase 1 including:

• Bats (roost assessments, emergence/re-entry)

• Great Crested Newts (eDNA, trapping)

• Badgers

• Dormice

• Reptiles

• Birds (breeding, overwintering)

• Water voles and otters

• Invertebrates

• Amphibians

Surveys to identify non-native invasive plant or animal species such as Japanese Knotweed or Himalayan Balsam. These must be managed appropriately to avoid legal issues and site contamination.

A detailed botanical survey method used to classify vegetation types and assess habitat quality, often used on sensitive or designated sites to inform habitat management or impact assessment.

A formal assessment of how a proposed development may affect biodiversity. Typically part of planning applications, it outlines impacts and recommends mitigation and enhancement measures.

Assessment of a project’s impact on biodiversity using the Defra Metric, with calculations showing baseline value, post-development value, and any gains or losses, fulfilling BNG policy requirements.

A legal assessment required for projects that may impact European protected sites (e.g., SACs, SPAs). It includes a screening and, if necessary, an Appropriate Assessment of potential impacts.

Ecological input for developments seeking BREEAM certification. Reports contribute to credits by assessing ecological value and advising on enhancements to achieve a higher sustainability rating.

Detailed ecological chapters for inclusion in Environmental Statements, forming part of the EIA process for major developments. These cover baseline data, predicted impacts, and mitigation.

Preparation of licence applications for works affecting protected species, including detailed mitigation and monitoring plans to satisfy Natural England and ensure legal compliance.

Practical plans to manage biodiversity during construction, detailing avoidance, mitigation, and best practices to prevent ecological harm during site works.

Strategic documents outlining how a project will meet its Biodiversity Net Gain targets, including on-site and off-site delivery, habitat management, and monitoring over a 30-year period.

Design and specification of new or improved habitats to support wildlife, aligned with planning conditions, mitigation obligations, or BNG delivery.

Development of long-term management plans and monitoring regimes to ensure created or enhanced habitats deliver their intended ecological value over time.

Identifying and securing off-site biodiversity units from third-party landowners or habitat banks to meet a developer’s BNG obligations when on-site delivery is insufficient.

Aligning site plans with local or national nature recovery strategies, helping developments contribute to broader ecological connectivity and policy goals.